USD/CHF declines to near 0.9150 as traders brace for US PPI data
- USD/CHF drifts lower to near 0.9160 in Tuesday’s early European session.
- Markets lower Fed rate cut expectations this year after the stronger-than-expected US December NFP report.
- The uncertainty and geopolitical risks could support a safe-haven currency like the Swiss Franc.
The USD/CHF pair softens to around 0.9160, snapping the five-day winning streak during the early European session on Tuesday. The pair edges lower on the back of the decline in the US Dollar (USD). However, the expectations that the US Federal Reserve (Fed) will approach interest rate cuts cautiously this year might cap the pair’s downside.
Meanwhile, the US Dollar index (DXY), which measures the USD against a basket of currencies, currently trades near 109.55 after retreating from 110.17, its highest level since November 2022. The downside for the pair might be limited amid the concerns about rising inflation and limited prospects for further Fed rate cuts. Markets are now pricing in one rate reduction from the Fed by year-end, down from roughly two quarter-point cuts priced at the start of the year.
Traders will keep an eye on the US December Producer Price Index (PPI), which is due later on Tuesday. On Wednesday, the US December Consumer Price Index (CPI) inflation data will be the highlight. Any upside surprise could further close the door on future easing, which might lift the Greenback. A slew of Fed officials are also due to speak later this week.
Investors will closely watch the developments surrounding the geopolitical tensions in the Middle East. The United States has indicated that a ceasefire deal is “on the brink” of success, while Hamas said talks are progressing well, according to a statement issued after a meeting with Qatar’s emir. However, any sign of escalating geopolitical risks could boost the safe-haven flows, benefiting the Swiss Franc (CHF).
Swiss Franc FAQs
The Swiss Franc (CHF) is Switzerland’s official currency. It is among the top ten most traded currencies globally, reaching volumes that well exceed the size of the Swiss economy. Its value is determined by the broad market sentiment, the country’s economic health or action taken by the Swiss National Bank (SNB), among other factors. Between 2011 and 2015, the Swiss Franc was pegged to the Euro (EUR). The peg was abruptly removed, resulting in a more than 20% increase in the Franc’s value, causing a turmoil in markets. Even though the peg isn’t in force anymore, CHF fortunes tend to be highly correlated with the Euro ones due to the high dependency of the Swiss economy on the neighboring Eurozone.
The Swiss Franc (CHF) is considered a safe-haven asset, or a currency that investors tend to buy in times of market stress. This is due to the perceived status of Switzerland in the world: a stable economy, a strong export sector, big central bank reserves or a longstanding political stance towards neutrality in global conflicts make the country’s currency a good choice for investors fleeing from risks. Turbulent times are likely to strengthen CHF value against other currencies that are seen as more risky to invest in.
The Swiss National Bank (SNB) meets four times a year – once every quarter, less than other major central banks – to decide on monetary policy. The bank aims for an annual inflation rate of less than 2%. When inflation is above target or forecasted to be above target in the foreseeable future, the bank will attempt to tame price growth by raising its policy rate. Higher interest rates are generally positive for the Swiss Franc (CHF) as they lead to higher yields, making the country a more attractive place for investors. On the contrary, lower interest rates tend to weaken CHF.
Macroeconomic data releases in Switzerland are key to assessing the state of the economy and can impact the Swiss Franc’s (CHF) valuation. The Swiss economy is broadly stable, but any sudden change in economic growth, inflation, current account or the central bank’s currency reserves have the potential to trigger moves in CHF. Generally, high economic growth, low unemployment and high confidence are good for CHF. Conversely, if economic data points to weakening momentum, CHF is likely to depreciate.
As a small and open economy, Switzerland is heavily dependent on the health of the neighboring Eurozone economies. The broader European Union is Switzerland’s main economic partner and a key political ally, so macroeconomic and monetary policy stability in the Eurozone is essential for Switzerland and, thus, for the Swiss Franc (CHF). With such dependency, some models suggest that the correlation between the fortunes of the Euro (EUR) and the CHF is more than 90%, or close to perfect.
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