Icahn Enterprises (IEP) Q3 2024 Earnings Call Transcript

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Icahn Enterprises (NASDAQ: IEP)
Q3 2024 Earnings Call
Nov 08, 2024, 10:00 a.m. ET

Contents:

• Prepared Remarks
• Questions and Answers
• Call Participants

Prepared Remarks:

Operator

Good morning, and welcome to Icahn Enterprises LP third-quarter 2024 earnings call with Andrew Teno, president and CEO; Ted Papapostolou, chief financial officer; and Robert Flint, chief accounting officer. I would now like to hand the call over to Robert Flint, who will read the opening statement.

Rob Flint -- Chief Accounting Officer

Thank you, operator. The Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 provides a Safe Harbor for forward-looking statements we make in this presentation, including statements regarding our future performance and plans for our businesses and potential acquisitions. Forward-looking statements may be identified by words such as expects, anticipates, intends, plans, believes, seeks, estimates, will, or words of similar meaning and include but are not limited to statements about the expected future business and financial performance of Icahn Enterprises L.P. and its subsidiaries.

Actual events, results, and outcomes may differ materially from our expectations due to a variety of known and unknown risks, uncertainties, and other factors that are discussed in our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including economic, competitive, legal, and other factors. Accordingly, there is no assurance that our expectations will be realized. We assume no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements should circumstances change, except as otherwise required by law. This presentation also includes certain non-GAAP financial measures, including adjusted EBITDA.

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A reconciliation of such non-GAAP financial measures to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures can be found in the back of this presentation. We also present indicative net asset value. Indicative net asset value includes, among other things, changes in the fair value of certain subsidiaries, which are not included in our GAAP earnings. All net income and EBITDA amounts we will discuss are attributable to Icahn Enterprises unless otherwise specified.

I'll now turn it over to Andrew Teno, our chief executive officer.

Andrew Teno -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Thank you, Rob, and good morning, everyone. NAV decreased $423 million from the second quarter of 2024. Positive returns in the investment funds were more than offset by declines in CVR Energy, disappointing performance from auto service and the impact of the quarter's distribution to unitholders. So first, the good news.

The investment funds were up approximately 8% for the quarter. We generated positive returns from our single name longs, led by our healthcare investments and our refining hedges and generated significant interest income. Our losses were predominantly caused by our broad market hedges, and we avoided any big single name losses. Moving on to the not so good.

Our CVR investment was down during the quarter as cracks returned to levels that are either mid-cycle to below mid-cycle levels, further compounded by uncontrollable external power outages. In regards to our automotive services division, it has unfortunately continued to struggle. The quarter suffered from lower-than-expected revenue driven by staffing and inventory management decisions. We have already replaced several top members of management at Pep Boys and can already see a return to better performance.

Though we see green shoots, it will be a while until our auto service division will hit its potential. I continue to believe that over a multiyear time period, there is no reason that EBITDA margins shouldn't be in the high single digits, if not double digits versus the low single digits today. We ended the quarter with $1.6 billion of cash and cash equivalents at the holding company and an additional $800 million of cash at the funds. So as Carl likes to say, we have a significant war chest to take advantage of opportunities as they arise.

As many people on this call likely know, subsequent to the quarter end, the refining market continued to soften, which led CVR deposits dividend. Since the inception of our CVR investment in 2012, IEP has received dividends totaling over $3 billion. We believe that sooner or later, and unfortunately we don't know when, the cycle will swing again and CVR will return to generating significant cash flow. It is this belief that has led us to announce the proposed tender offer to buy additional CVR shares.

Given the recently launched tender for CVR, additional investment opportunities both in our portfolio and in the market and a desire to maintain our cash war chest, the board has reduced the quarterly distribution from $1 per depositary unit to $0.50. We know that some unitholders may be disappointed by the decision, but as Carl mentioned in our press release, we hope and believe that the actions we take today and in the near-term will lead to increased capital returns to our unitholders in the future. Now turning to our investment segment. In terms of our top five disclosed names, we see considerable value creation potential.

At SWX, we see a gas utility that is closing its ROE gap to peers and separating the utility services business with significant growth opportunity. We see upside in both the gas utility and the service business. At AEP, we see new management closing its ROE gap, improving regulatory outcomes and benefiting from tremendous growth in electricity demand due to AI-driven data center demand. IFF is a high-quality ingredients company that should see improving organic revenue growth and increasing margins from new management.

IFF trades at a significant discount to its peers on EBITDA. At Caesars, Carl has significant respect for Tom Reeg and what he has accomplished so far at Caesars. We believe we are buying a great business with tremendous asset value and a great management team that is actively buying back shares and with a growing digital business at a free cash flow yield at greater than 15%. At Bausch, we see considerable value both at BHC and BLCO.

The fund ended the quarter approximately 2% net short. Adjusting for our refining hedges, the fund was 24% net long. And now I will pass it on to Ted to cover our controlled businesses.

Ted Papapostolou -- Chief Financial Officer

Thank you, Andrew. I will begin with our energy segment. Energy segment EBITDA was negative $38 million for Q3 2024, compared to $347 million in Q3 2023. The quarter's performance was impacted by unplanned downtime caused by external power outages, resulting in lower volumes and margins.

Q3 2024 refining margin per throughput barrel was $2.53 compared to $31.05 in the prior year quarter. This decrease was primarily driven by a decrease in crack spreads, unfavorable impact of the mark-to-market on the outstanding RFS obligation and unfavorable inventory valuation impact. Q3 2024 average realized gate prices for UAN increased by 3% to $229 per ton and ammonia increased by 9% to $399 per ton when compared to the prior year quarter. Now turning to our auto segment.

Q3 2024 net sales and other revenues decreased by $70 million compared to the prior-year quarter. Automotive services revenues decreased by $51 million due to operational challenges such as insufficient tire inventory and staffing levels at certain locations and reduced consumer spending on automotive repairs and maintenance. We have swiftly taken actions to address the operational challenges including a change in management, and we have already seen signs of improvement. Aftermarket parts revenues decreased by $20 million due to the winding down of the business, which is expected to be complete by the end of this year.

Now turning to our other segments. Real estate's Q3 2024 adjusted EBITDA decreased by $10 million compared to the prior year quarter, driven by the sale of an investment property during Q3 2023, which accounted for $6 million. The remaining decrease is mainly due to reduced sales on single-family homes. The segment owns a desirable 45-acre site in Nashville, Tennessee, which is located close to the planned NFL stadium in the emerging East River district.

We are exploring the sale of this land and if successful, we believe to have proceeds which far exceed the current book value. Food Packaging adjusted EBITDA decreased by $6 million for Q3 2024 as compared to the prior year quarter. Volumes have increased, however, a shift in product mix and lower pricing led to a reduction in net sales. While there are opportunities to improve efficiency at the plants, we do not expect a meaningful impact until we execute a capital plan to modernize equipment and reduce the overall cost structure.

Home Fashions adjusted EBITDA decreased by $1 million as compared to the prior year quarter, mainly driven by lower demand from our international business and our e-com business, offset in part by a strong U.S. hospitality market. Pharma segment's adjusted EBITDA for Q3 2024 improved by $2 million as compared to the prior year quarter, mainly due to higher prescription growth. Recently, one of our developmental therapies cleared a significant milestone and we're working with the management team to assess the next phase, which has the potential for meaningful returns.

Now to our liquidity. We maintain liquidity at the holding company and at each of our operating subsidiaries to take advantage of attractive opportunities. As of quarter end, the holding company had cash and investment in the funds of $4.3 billion and our subsidiaries had cash and revolver availability of $1.1 billion. In summary, we continue to focus on building asset value and maintaining liquidity to enable us to capitalize on opportunities within and outside our existing operating segments.

Thank you. Operator, can you please open up the call for questions?

Questions & Answers:

Operator

Thank you. [Operator instructions] And our first question will come from Dan Fannon with Jefferies. Your line is now open.

Dan Fannon -- Analyst

Thanks. Good morning. Just to want to talk about the dividend, liquidity and obviously, the CVR discussion. So just how at the IP level, are you looking to manage the overall liquidity to kind of come up with the dividend level versus maintaining the flexibilities you talked about for new investments as well as obviously running the business? So just what is the kind of optimal level of liquidity you're looking to run with and/or leverage as you think about it at the company?

Andrew Teno -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Hi, Dan. Good morning. So first off, I'd just say we have a significant war chest of liquidity. If you look at IEP, we have, call it, $1.5 billion to $1.6 billion of cash at the holding company.

We have $800 million of cash or so at the hedge funds. And so we retain significant liquidity whether we want to make -- wherever we want to make investments. Now when we think about the CVI tender decision, look, we think it's just an attractive investment. We generated significant cash over time, something like $3 billion in dividends.

And we think at some point, the crack cycle will swing and then we'll go back to making significant cash. Unfortunately, we can't really promise you when that will happen, but we think the decisions we made today will actually help cash flow in the future. I'd also point out, we have -- not only do we have the $1.6 billion of cash at the holding company, the $800 million of the funds, but we're always looking at our assets. And so Ted mentioned a little bit in his comments, and he said, we have, call it, some acres that's in Nashville.

So a while back, we owned a segment called PSC Metals. We sold the business. We retained the land. It was a very good decision.

And you have an asset on our books today for, call it, something like $25 million. And there have been press reports out there that said we're exploring a sale and some people think it could be -- it could go for north of ten times that, right? So between the cash, between the undervalued assets that we have in our portfolio and look at our job to prove that out that we think we'll have plenty of liquidity to come.

Dan Fannon -- Analyst

Understood. And then just on the auto business, you mentioned kind of another round of restructuring. So did that actually happen in the third quarter? Is that subsequent to the fourth quarter, where you talked about some of the management changes and seeing improvements? Or is that something that's -- and also just how quickly do you think we can see some of those changes actually come through?

Andrew Teno -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Yeah . So a lot of the changes happened, Ted, it was right around quarter-end --

Ted Papapostolou -- Chief Financial Officer

At the end of the quarter, yes.

Andrew Teno -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Yes, so it's right around quarter end and the individual who's now running the organization, we've seen significant changes already. So the trends in the quarter, as you went through the quarter, it got worse and worse. And as soon as we made a change, we've seen kind of the trends improve now. Look, it's not -- we're not seeing what we should be, right? What we should be seeing eventually is same-store sales growth.

We should be seeing margin improvement. We're not seeing that, but we are seeing quite a significant reversal. Right. So I think there were times we were seeing revenue minus 20% year over year, and that's declined.

Now we're seeing some high single digits. So we're already seeing an improvement. And I'd say, look, some of the -- obviously the business didn't do well in the quarter, but there were good ideas that were -- some of the initiatives that were being worked on were good ideas. They were just poorly executed.

Right. So it is a good idea to run an RFP to purchase tires cheaper so we can make more money when we sell them to our customers. It's a bad idea to run out of inventory so that when your customers show up, there is nothing to sell them. Or you say, hey, it's going to be a week when they can just go across the street and it's going to take them a day.

So good ideas, bad execution, and now it's up to us to execute and turn it around.

Dan Fannon -- Analyst

Understood. And then just a question on the investment fund. Given the change in the White House, and as you look at the portfolio today and its constructs, as well as both the long positions you highlighted as well as the kind of hedges, any changes to how you're thinking about the mix or the overall net exposure, given what has transpired this past week?

Ted Papapostolou -- Chief Financial Officer

I'd say not too many changes in terms of the hedge book, but it is nice to be able to rely and use the M&A tool a bit more, right. So things that were off the table maybe won't be off the table. I think there was an article not too long ago in the, I think, it was the journal, right, where they were highlighting that activists were replacing CEOs as the primary tool to improve the business and moving away from M&A. And I think this changed in administration hopefully will give us more options to push for more ways to make money.

It's also nice to have, I think, a bunch of our businesses or at least if you look at CBI, I think, the Trump administration will be much more favorable toward refining than the prior.

Dan Fannon -- Analyst

Got it. And just the last one, just on the dividend and the outlook, as you think about the change today, with also the proposals around CVI and others, and knowing that you can't predict when the dividend at CVR is coming back, is that like -- what is contemplated as we think about the go forward in terms of sustainability of the current dividend here versus what's coming off of the business and the liquidity overall?

Ted Papapostolou -- Chief Financial Officer

Yes, look, I think it comes back to the same thing we've been discussing, which is we evaluated every quarter, clearly it's been an important part of our story in the past, but it's something we evaluate all the time. I think if we are right in that the assets that we own are attractive, they're undervalued, and we can do important things to unlock that, then we'll probably continue to stick to our knitting.

Dan Fannon -- Analyst

Great. Thanks for taking my questions.

Operator

And our next question comes from Andrew Berg with Post Advisory Group. Your line is open.

Andrew Berg -- Post Advisory Group -- Analyst

Hi. Thank you. If we go back to Automotive real quickly, was it just a change in the CEO spot or were there other management changes? And if so, which changes were done?

Andrew Teno -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Yeah. I think that there were a few changes that were made, the CEO and the CFO have changed. There were some others as well. I would just say that the changes -- the other changes that were made were for people to do, I'd say rather than having mid-level management or senior level management is more to have more people doing the actual work, getting back to basics to improve the core business.

Andrew Berg -- Post Advisory Group -- Analyst

OK. When you are looking at food, you had mentioned the need for capex there to modernize the facility. How much capex do you think needs to be invested there to get it to a level that you guys would be happy with?

Ted Papapostolou -- Chief Financial Officer

It's too early to spit out a number. So management is working on a capital plan, but it is apparent that we need to bring cost out of the P&L to increase the bottom line. So they have been working on that for the past two quarters. I am expecting to have an update on the next call to see how much of an outlay the timeframe and get more into the nitty-gritty of the details.

Andrew Teno -- President and Chief Executive Officer

I think -- look there are -- we look at it as a variety of options, kind of stages and from the IEP level it's an immaterial amount.

Andrew Berg -- Post Advisory Group -- Analyst

OK. And given that last comment, it sounds like any needs they would have would be something then they could just be financed and handled at that subsidiary level would require any downstream of cash or equity investment from you guys. Or if it was, it wouldn't be notable.

Ted Papapostolou -- Chief Financial Officer

I think this case is a certain size, we're a certain size and so we just evaluate each capital structure and figure out the best decision for each business.

Andrew Teno -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Yeah. And I think timing would have a big impact on that, whether we can stretch it out or speed it up. So I think getting the plan would be -- we would be able to answer the question appropriately. But it's not going to be a big outlay for IEP.

Andrew Berg -- Post Advisory Group -- Analyst

OK. Just wanted to confirm that. And then can you help me reconcile the holdings in the investment funds? You noted that the performance was up and up nicely ex the hedge you had on. But the value that's shown on Slide 11 is down a little bit, which suggests to me there was distributions that came out of that.

I think the number was probably around $500, but I just want to make sure I'm understanding the math and the movements there.

Ted Papapostolou -- Chief Financial Officer

Yeah. So there was a distribution during the quarter. And so, you would see a movement from the investment funds into the IEP holding company cash. And then we'd use that cash for -- it goes into a big bucket and we use it as we did in the quarter.

So you'd see some bond repurchases that were there. That would probably be one of the bigger uses of cash during the quarter.

Andrew Berg -- Post Advisory Group -- Analyst

OK. And the repurchases that I'm just trying to recall, was that for maturity or were you buying bonds in the open market?

Ted Papapostolou -- Chief Financial Officer

There were some repurchases in the open market. So if you look on that bottom row, where you look at the unsecured debt balance, you can see that it ticked down.

Andrew Berg -- Post Advisory Group -- Analyst

OK. Great. And then lastly, with respect to the dividend, I think, that Carl had elected to take some in cash in the recent past, but historically have been taking more of it in stock. Given the reduction and given the desire to use the company's capital to help fund the CVR investment, is he going to switch back to taking it predominantly or entirely in stock versus cash going forward?

Ted Papapostolou -- Chief Financial Officer

Yeah. So that's a decision for Carl. He has the same decision that all the other shareholders have.

Andrew Berg -- Post Advisory Group -- Analyst

OK. And he hasn't communicated things either way on that or does want to say?

Ted Papapostolou -- Chief Financial Officer

Does not.

Andrew Berg -- Post Advisory Group -- Analyst

OK. Thanks, guys.

Ted Papapostolou -- Chief Financial Officer

You got it.

Operator

And our next question comes from Bruce Monrad with Northeast Investors Trust. Your line is open.

Bruce Monrad -- Northeast Investors Trust -- Analyst

Hi, guys. Thanks for hosting the call. Question on Food Packaging if I could. So in May at the annual meeting of this case, you guys said or your management said that budget for 2024 was for EBITDA profitability to be higher than that in 2023.

And so my question is, what changed so suddenly here? What -- did you -- what didn't you know then that you learned subsequent. Can you help me on that? And I have a follow-up.

Andrew Teno -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Yeah. Just to give more context, what happened this quarter is, as I mentioned, volume was up compared to the prior year period, but the mix of product we're selling was at a lower margin. And then there is price, which let me touch on price. As I mentioned in previous call, the supply chain has stabilized.

And what that's done for the industry is it brought back the price competitiveness to what I call pre-pandemic levels when things were more normalized. So that layer in the higher waste that we have as compared to historical periods and that all affects the bottom line. And there is some upside in tackling the waste, and management has initiatives to do so. But like I mentioned in the previous question, the biggest impact we see to improve 2025 and beyond would be a capital plan to take further costs out of P&L.

Bruce Monrad -- Northeast Investors Trust -- Analyst

Correct. I mean, Viscofan sort of patting itself on the back and saying that the destocking is done, that demand has normalized. On Osceola I'm a little surprised that hasn't been straightened out by now. If you know, it sort of sprung out of nowhere 24 to 36 months ago.

I remember talking 24 months ago with Dave Willetts on this call, and he said there would be two to three quarters. Why is that this proving so intractable? What's going on there? And why is there a surprise? Why do we need to default to a capital plan? Is this something that should be able to be fixed in house, or what's changed here?

Andrew Teno -- President and Chief Executive Officer

The waste has many elements to it, but one of them is the old machinery. So we're doing a lot of the planned maintenance, but as these things age out, we're seeing that, we probably have to adjust the planned maintenance and it's costing more and more to maintain them. And even with so they go down unexpectedly, which is causing waste. So part of this capital plan would be to modernize the equipment and that would alleviate that aspect of it.

There is many elements to the waste that management has been in firefighting.

Bruce Monrad -- Northeast Investors Trust -- Analyst

And with regard to waste, with regard to this, again, what was the epiphany that occurred in the summer that we didn't know about, management didn't know about in May when we were guided higher?

Andrew Teno -- President and Chief Executive Officer

It's really just the pricing competitiveness, I would say, and the mix of business. They were budgeting for a better mix, and that didn't come to fruition.

Bruce Monrad -- Northeast Investors Trust -- Analyst

OK. And is the mix issue, is that mostly U.S. or is that Europe, would you say, the change in that?

Andrew Teno -- President and Chief Executive Officer

It's throughout every region, mostly in Europe.

Bruce Monrad -- Northeast Investors Trust -- Analyst

OK. So if the mix -- if I went back to your 10-K for 2023 the region that was suffering for profitability was really the U.S. if I've got it right. So what is the structural issue there that's not getting resolved? Are your competitors -- I'm thinking -- [Inaudible] North America having -- I mean they don't have new shiny plants? Are they -- I mean are they suffering --

Ted Papapostolou -- Chief Financial Officer

Sorry to cut you off, we could set up a call to go through more detail on this case at a future time.

Bruce Monrad -- Northeast Investors Trust -- Analyst

OK. Can I just ask one more, which is just to say, do you think the industry would benefit from consolidation? And that I'll let you go.

Ted Papapostolou -- Chief Financial Officer

Yeah. Throughout our portfolio, we look at opportunities and put in hurt, but there's nothing that we see right now that makes sense.

Bruce Monrad -- Northeast Investors Trust -- Analyst

All right. Thank you. Thank you, all. Thank you.

Andrew Teno -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Thanks, Bruce.

Operator

I show no further questions at this time. I would now like to turn the call back to Andrew Teno for closing remarks.

Andrew Teno -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Thank you, everyone, for joining this morning's call. Just leave you with some final comments, which is we think it's an active and attractive environment for activism in today's markets. We think we have an underappreciated portfolio. It's our job to kind of prove out that value to you.

and we have a war chest of cash and liquidity to go ahead and take advantage of it. So we'll speak soon. Thank you. Bye.

Operator

[Operator signoff]

Duration: 0 minutes

Call participants:

Rob Flint -- Chief Accounting Officer

Andrew Teno -- President and Chief Executive Officer

Ted Papapostolou -- Chief Financial Officer

Dan Fannon -- Analyst

Andrew Berg -- Post Advisory Group -- Analyst

Bruce Monrad -- Northeast Investors Trust -- Analyst

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