The Canadian Dollar (CAD) shed over two-thirds of a percent against the US Dollar (USD) on Thursday, falling for a fifth consecutive session and accelerating losses after US President Donald Trump renewed his threats to impose a 25% tariff on Canadian goods beginning on March 4. According to President Trump, a package of “reciprocal tariffs” is also set to begin on April 2.
Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau has already responded to Donald Trump’s wavering reversals on tariffs, vowing that Canada is ready to retaliate against any US tariffs that the White House imposes.
The Canadian Dollar’s fresh weakness puts USD/CAD on pace for fresh gains, bolstering the Dollar-Loonie pairing into new multi-week highs. After a brief slump sparked by a broad-market wind-down in Greenback bidding, USD/CAD is roaring back to life, chalking in five straight daily gains and pushing back into familiar technical contention territory near 1.4500.
Tariffs are customs duties levied on certain merchandise imports or a category of products. Tariffs are designed to help local producers and manufacturers be more competitive in the market by providing a price advantage over similar goods that can be imported. Tariffs are widely used as tools of protectionism, along with trade barriers and import quotas.
Although tariffs and taxes both generate government revenue to fund public goods and services, they have several distinctions. Tariffs are prepaid at the port of entry, while taxes are paid at the time of purchase. Taxes are imposed on individual taxpayers and businesses, while tariffs are paid by importers.
There are two schools of thought among economists regarding the usage of tariffs. While some argue that tariffs are necessary to protect domestic industries and address trade imbalances, others see them as a harmful tool that could potentially drive prices higher over the long term and lead to a damaging trade war by encouraging tit-for-tat tariffs.
During the run-up to the presidential election in November 2024, Donald Trump made it clear that he intends to use tariffs to support the US economy and American producers. In 2024, Mexico, China and Canada accounted for 42% of total US imports. In this period, Mexico stood out as the top exporter with $466.6 billion, according to the US Census Bureau. Hence, Trump wants to focus on these three nations when imposing tariffs. He also plans to use the revenue generated through tariffs to lower personal income taxes.