Un tribunal de EE. UU. declara ilegales las sanciones contra el mezclador de criptomonedas Tornado Cash
El sector de las criptomonedas ha registrado otra gran victoria después de que el Tribunal del Quinto Circuito de EE. UU. dictaminara el martes que el Tesoro se excedió al sancionar los trac inteligentes inmutables de Tornado Cash . El tribunal dictaminó que el software autónomo no puede clasificarse como propiedad.
El panel de tres jueces que supervisó el caso dictaminó el 26 de noviembre que los trac inteligentes son inmutables y, por lo tanto, no son propiedad ni están controlados como propiedad por ninguna entidad o persona en virtud de la Ley de Poderes Económicos de Emergencia Internacional (IEEPA).
Según los jueces, trac inteligentes no pueden clasificarse como bienes sujetos a sanciones según la normativa vigente. El tribunal consideró ilegales las sanciones del Tesoro contra el mezclador de criptomonedas y que excedieron su autoridad defi por el Congreso.
Panel de tres jueces dictamina que la OFAC se excedió en su autoridad al sancionar a Tornado Cash
1/ Hoy, el Tribunal de Apelaciones del Quinto Circuito de EE. UU. falló en el caso Tornado Cash presentado por usuarios del software (Van Loon v. Treasury) y encontró que “los trac inteligentes inmutables (líneas de código de software que permiten la privacidad) son no la 'propiedad' de un ciudadano o entidad extranjera”. https://t.co/G0vkoYzt8O
- Asociación Blockchain (@BlockchainAssn) 27 de noviembre de 2024
The panel said the Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) exceeded its authority in sanctioning Tornado Cash’s immutable smart contracts. It reversed a lower court’s decision granting the platform’s users a partial summary judgment.
Bill Hughes, a lawyer at Consensys, issued a detailed summary of the court’s ruling, indicating that the immutable smart contracts are nothing more than lines of code. Hughes also wrote that smart contracts are less like a “service” and more like a tool that is used in performing a service.
Hughes said the case will now proceed to the district court and emphasized that the new court judgment does not affect the crypto mixer’s blocked status.
“District court is handed back the case, with the idea that it has to decide the merits again while applying the law as the Fifth Circuit now says it applies, i.e., that the immutable contracts can’t be added to the sanctions list. It probably changes nothing else with TornadoCash being otherwise designated as blocked.”
– Bill Hughes
Paul Grewal, Coinbase’s Chief Legal Officer, wrote that the decision to block open source technology because of a small number of its malicious users is not what the U.S. Congress authorized.
Tornado Cash sanctioned by the U.S. Treasury for money laundering allegations
Tornado Cash found itself in the jaws of regulators in 2022 after the U.S. Treasury sanctioned the protocol. The Treasury alleged that the protocol laundered more than $7 billion worth of digital assets between 2019 and 2022. The U.S. Treasury published a public statement saying that crypto mixers that facilitate criminal activities threaten U.S. national security.
The United States Treasury Department added more than 40 crypto wallet addresses allegedly connected to Tornado Cash to the Specially Designated Nationals list of the Office of Foreign Asset Control (OFAC).
However, six Tornado Cash users, led by Joseph Van Loon, sued the Treasury with the support of Coinbase. The plaintiff claimed that the Treasury’s addition of 44 Tornado Cash smart contract addresses to the Specially Designated Nationals (SDN) list was not in accordance with the law.
In October, U.S.-based crypto policy advocacy group Coin Center filed a lawsuit against OFAC for sanctioning the crypto mixer. However, a Texas federal court judge ruled in favor of the U.S. Treasury that Tornado Cash was “an entity that may be subject to OFAC regulations. The plaintiffs appealed the judge’s decision and extended the case.
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